Reconstruction

Reconstruction: (def) The time period following the war through 1877 when the North controlled the South.

Effects of the War
360,000 Union Dead
258,000 Confederate Dead
Thousands were disabled
Bitter resentment between North and South
Southern land destroyed
Post War depression
Major Southern cities destroyed
4 million slaves emancipated
Southern attitudes toward slavery unchanged
Southern--social, political, & economical system destroyed

Plans for Reconstruction

Lincoln 10% Plan

When 10% of the voters in the 1860 election took oath to U.S. -- the state would be admitted
State must abolish slavery
Several states accepted plan

Results of 10 % Plan

Northerners Upset
Moderates and Radicals in Congress thought plan too Liberal

Wade-Davis Bill (Congress)

50% of population must take oath
Deny ever being a Confederate
Dishonor Confederate Debt
Must Abolish slavery
Deny secession

Results of Wade-Davis Bill

Passed Congress
Vetoed by Lincoln
Split Government over Reconstruction


April 14, 1865 -- Lincoln Killed by
    John Wilkes Booth

Andrew Johnson (Tenn.) becomes President

How did this effect Reconstruction?

Johnson called for immediate arrest of Jeff Davis and other high officials
Accepted all states who agreed to Lincolns Plan

Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction

Southerners had to disavow secession
South had to pay war debt
South had to ratify 13th Amendment

Johnson wanted to re-admit states as soon as possible.

Results of Johnsons Plan

In Johnsons haste, Southerners elected War Heroes.
Congress refused to seat Southerners
Moderates & Radicals came together against the South
Over-ride Johnson & established on plan

Radical Reconstruction

Congress takes control
Passed 14th Amendment
Eliminated Southern Black Codes

Radical Plan
disqualified any former Confederate officials from holding office
Granted Blacks right to vote (men)
Ratify 14th Amendment
Divide South into 5 military districts

Results of conflict between Johnson and the Radicals

Feb 24, 1868 -- House voted to Impeach Johnson for High Crimes and Misdemeanors

March 25 to May 26 Johnson stood trial in Senate
Vote:
39 for Conviction
19 Against
1 short of Guilty

Congress tried to convict Andrew Johnson simply because they did not like him

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